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Gap Gimp



The Black-White Test Score Gap by Christopher Jencks,

The Black-White Test Score Gap by Christopher Jencks,
The test score gap between blacks and whites--on vocabulary, reading, and math tests, as well as on tests that claim to measure scholastic aptitude and intelligence--is large enough to have far-reaching social and economic consequences. In their introduction to this book, Christopher Jencks and Meredith Phillips argue that eliminating the disparity would dramatically reduce economic and educational inequality between blacks and whites. Indeed, they think that closing the gap would do more to promote racial equality than any other strategy now under serious discussion. The book offers a comprehensive look at the factors that contribute to the test score gap and discusses options for substantially reducing it. Although significant attempts have been made over the past three decades to shrink the test score gap, including increased funding for predominantly black schools, desegregation of southern schools, and programs to alleviate poverty, the median black American still scores below 75 percent of American whites on most standardized tests. The book brings together recent evidence on some of the most controversial and puzzling aspects of the test score debate, including the role of test bias, heredity, and family background. It also looks at how and why the gap has changed over the past generation, reviews the educational, psychological, and cultural explanations for the gap, and analyzes its educational and economic consequences.The authors demonstrate that traditional explanations account for only a small part of the black-white test score gap. They argue that this is partly because traditional explanations have put too much emphasis on racial disparities in economic resources, both inhomes and in schools, and on demographic factors like family structure.



Bridging the Achievement Gap by John E. Chubb,
Bridging the Achievement Gap by John E. Chubb,
The achievement gap between white students and African American and Hispanic students has been debated by scholars and lamented by policymakers since it was first documented in 1966.The average black or Hispanic secondary school student currently achieves at about the same level as the average white student in the lowest quartile of white achievement. Black and Hispanic students are much less likely than white students to graduate from high school, acquire a college or advanced degree, or earn a middle-class living. They are also much more likely than whites to suffer social problems that often accompany low income.While educators have gained an understanding of the causes and effects of the education achievement gap, they have been less successful in finding ways to eliminate it -- until now.This book provides, for the first time in one place, evidence that the achievement gap can be bridged. A variety of schools and school reforms are boosting the achievement of black and Hispanic students to levels nearing those of whites.Bridging the Achievement Gap brings together the findings of renowned education scholars who show how various states, school districts, and individual schools have lifted the achievement levels of poor and minority students. The most promising strategies include focusing on core academic skills, reducing class size, enrolling students in more challenging courses, administering annual achievement assessment tests, creating schools with a culture of competition and success, and offering vouchers in big-city school districts.While implementing new educational programs on a large scale is fraught with difficulties, these successful reform efforts offer what could be thestart of widespread effective solutions for bridging the achievement gap.



Spring Gap Church - Spring Gap Church is an old white wooden church located along Spring Gap-Neals Run Road (County Route 2) between Neals Run and Spring Gap on the western flank of Spring Gap Mountain. Spring Gap Church was constructed in the late 1800s for the community of Spring Gap, located northwest of Slanesville.

Gap penalty - Gap penalties are used during sequence alignment. Gap penalties contribute to the overall score of alignments, and therefore, the size of the gap penalty relative to the entries in the similarity matrix affects the alignment that is finally selected.

Gap year - The British English term gap year (or 'Year Out') is given to a prolonged period (often, but not always, a year) taken off full-time education by a student leaving secondary school and (ideally) before matriculating in college or university, or also between college and graduate school or a profession. It is generally a practice undertaken by young people from anglophone nations with a great proportion of gap year students from one country effectively swapping with gap year students from another.

Deep Gap, North Carolina - Deep Gap is a unincorporated community located in Watauga County, North Carolina. Daniel Boone spent a good part of his life in and around Deep Gap, traveling through an area known as Triplett (now part of the Deep Gap postal service area).



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